| 第 2 章 Starting GIMP | ||
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部分 I. 开始 |  |
| 第 2 章 Starting GIMP | ||
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部分 I. 开始 | |
Usually you start GIMP either by clicking GIMP's icon on your desktop (if available), selecting it from a menu, or by typing gimp on a command line. If you have multiple versions of GIMP installed, you may need to add the exact version number: gimp-3.0.
You can, if you want, provide a list of image file names on the command line after the program name so that GIMP automatically opens those files after it starts. It is also possible to open files from within GIMP once it is running using the Open Image Dialog.
Most operating systems support file associations, which associates a class of files (as determined by their filename extension, such as .jpg) with a corresponding application (such as GIMP). When image files are properly “associated” with GIMP, you can double click an image in your file browser to open it in GIMP.
If you installed the Flatpak version of GIMP from flathub.org, you start GIMP either by clicking an icon, or by typing flatpak run org.gimp.GIMP//stable on a command line.
GIMP automatically detects and uses the system language. In the unlikely event that language detection fails, or if you want to use a different language, the easiest way is to change the language used in the Interface Preferences: → , then go to the Interface section; Language can be set at the top.
If you prefer to change language by setting environment variables, you can use:
In LINUX: in console mode,
type LANGUAGE=en gimp or
LANG=en gimp
replacing en with fr, de, etc. according to the language you
want. Background: Using LANGUAGE=en
sets an environment variable for the executed
program gimp.
→ → → button in “System Variables” area: button: Enter LANG for Name and fr, de, etc. for Value. Watch out! You have to click three successive times to validate your choice.
If you change languages often, you can create a batch file to change the language. Open NotePad. Type the following commands (for French for instance):
set lang=fr
start gimp-3.0.exe
Save this file as GIMP-FR.BAT (or another
name, but always with a
.BAT extension). Create
a shortcut and drag it to your desktop.
From System Settings, click General in the sidebar. Then select Language & Region. The desired language should be the first in the list.
You can use command line parameter -n to run
multiple instances of GIMP. For example,
gimp-3.0 starts GIMP in the
default system language, and
LANGUAGE=en gimp-3.0 -n starts
another instance of GIMP in English. This can be
very useful for translators.
Although command line arguments are not required when starting
GIMP, they can be useful in certain situations.
On a Unix system, you can use
man gimp for a complete list.
These arguments must be added to the command line that you use to start GIMP as gimp-3.0 [OPTION...] [FILE|URI...], where “OPTION...” can be one or more of the arguments listed below, followed by one or more file names.
Display a list of all command line options.
显示所有帮助选项。
Show all GEGL options.
显示 GTK+ 选项。
打印当前 GIMP 版本并退出。
显示许可证信息并退出。
显示详细启动信息。
启动一个新的 GIMP 实例。
作为新图像打开图像。
无界面运行。
不加载图案、渐变、调色板、或笔刷。通常在需要最小化启动时间的非交互式情况下很有用。
不加载任何字体。这对于为不使用字体的脚本更快地加载GIMP，或查找与挂起GIMP的畸形字体相关的问题非常有用 。
启动时不显示启动画面。
Do not use shared memory between GIMP and plug-ins.
不使用特殊的 CPU 加速功能。用于查找或禁用有问题的加速硬件或功能。
name
Use a different sessionrc file for this
GIMP session.
The given session name is appended to the default
sessionrc filename.
filename
Use an alternative gimprc file instead of the
default one. The gimprc file contains a
record of your preferences. Useful in cases where plug-in paths
or machine specs may be different.
filename
Use an alternate system gimprc file.
commands
Execute the set of commands non-interactively. The set of commands
is typically in the form of a script that can be executed by one
of the GIMP scripting interpreters.
When the command is -, commands
are read from standard input.
proc
指定用于处理批处理命令的程序。默认程序是 Script-Fu。
Quit immediately after performing requested actions
不要弹出有关错误或警告的对话框。改为在控制台上打印消息。
mode
PDB 兼容模式（关闭|开启|警告）。
mode
在崩溃的情况下进行调试（从不|查询|总是）。
启用非致命调试信号处理程序。对GIMP调试很有用。
使所有警告都是致命的。对调试有用。
使用默认设置输出一个 gimprc 文件。如果弄乱了 gimprc 文件，则很有用。
Show a preferences page with experimental features.
display
使用指定的 X 显示（不适用于所有平台）。
When first run, GIMP performs a series of steps to
configure options and directories. The configuration process creates a
user-writable configuration directory named
GIMP, with a per-version
subdirectory, i.e.
GIMP/3.0.
All of the configuration information is stored in this directory. If you
remove or rename the directory, GIMP repeats the
initial configuration process, creating a new
GIMP/3.0 directory.
You can use this capability to explore different configuration
options without deleting your existing installation, or to recover if
your configuration files are damaged.
Where your configuration folder will be stored, depends on your Operating System:
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME (defaulting to
$HOME/.config);
%APPDATA% (usually
c:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming\GIMP\3.0\);
NSApplicationSupportDirectory (usually
~/Library/Application Support).
Just a couple of suggestions before you start:
GIMP can provide tips you can read at any time using the menu command → . The tips provide information that is considered useful, but not easy to learn by experimenting; so they are worth reading. Please consider reading the tips when you have the time.
If at some point you are trying to do something, and GIMP seems to have suddenly stopped functioning, the Getting Unstuck section may be able to help you out.
Don't forget to check out the Preferences Dialog. GIMP is very customizable. There are a lot of settings that you can adjust to your personal preferences.
