| 3.5. Fargeovergang | ||
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3. Teikneverktøya |  |
| 3.5. Fargeovergang | ||
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3. Teikneverktøya | |
This tool fills the selected area with a gradient from the foreground and background colors by default, but there are many options. To make a gradient, drag the cursor in the direction you want the gradient to go and you release the mouse button when you feel you have the right position and size of your gradient. The softness of the gradient depends on how far you drag the cursor. The shorter the drag distance, the sharper it will be.
If you click and drag outside the selection, only a part of the gradient will appear in the selection.
Ved første augnekast kan dette verktøyet synast heilt overveldande, men les dette kapitlet og prøv deg fram med ulike innstillingar og du vil finne at det eigentleg er nokså enkelt. Dei to viktigaste innstillingane er Fargeovergang og Form. Klikkar du på overgangsvindauget vil det koma fram ei utval av ulike fargeovergangar som du kan velje mellom. Du kan også lage dine eigne overgangar. Du kan finne meir om fargeovergangar i Del 10, «Fargeovergangar («Gradienter»)» og Del 3.5, «Dialogvindauget for fargeovergangar».
Du har 11 ulike former å velje mellom: Lineær, bilineær, radial, firkanta, konisk (symmetrisk), konisk (usymmetrisk), formfyll (vinkla), formfyll (sfærisk), formfyll (krusa), spiral (med klokka) og endeleg spiral (mot klokka). Av desse er kanskje formene «formfyll» dei mest interessante. Desse vil følgje kantane til det markerte området, same kor intrikate dei måtte vere. I motsetnad til dei andre formene, der fargeovergangane er avhengige av kvar du klikkar og kor langt og i kva retning du drar markøren, er formfyll uavhengig av desse. Du kan klikka og dra kvar som helst på markeringa for å starta prosessen.
![[Tips]](images/tip.png)
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Tips |
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Prøv valet «differanse» i modusmenyen. Sjølv med full dekkevne vil du kunne oppnå fantastiske resultat, ulike for kvart forsøk. |
Du kan hente fram dette verktøyet anten frå
From the main menu: → → .
By clicking the tool icon
in the Toolbox.
By pressing the G keyboard shortcut.
Normally, tool options are displayed in a window attached under the Toolbox as soon as you activate a tool. If they are not, you can access them from the main menu through → → which opens the option window of the selected tool.
A variety of gradient patterns can be selected from the drop-down list. The tool causes a shading pattern that transitions from foreground to background color or introduces others colors, in the direction the user determines by drawing a line in the image. For the purposes of drawing the gradient, clicking on the reverses the gradient direction with the effect, for instance, of swapping the foreground and background colors.
On the right hand, a button to open the Gradient Editor dialog.
Perceptual RGB: When this option is chosen, the Blend Color Space is sRGB. This is the default.
Linear RGB: When this option is chosen, the Blend Color Space is linearized sRGB (defined by the sRGB primaries and a linear tone reproduction curve). This results in gradients that resemble the physical behavior of light. This option should be used if the color, as measured with a colorimeter, should change linearly with the distance from the color stops within the gradient.
CIE Lab: When this option is chosen, the Blend Color Space is CIE L*a*b*. This perceptionally uniform color space is used to model human perception of color blending.
GIMP provides 11 shapes, which can be selected from the drop-down list. Details on each of the shapes are given below.
Denne overgangen byrjar med forgrunnsfargen der den teikna linja di byrjar, og går gradvis over til full bakgrunnsfarge der linja sluttar.
Som lineær, men går i begge retningane ut frå startpunktet. Avstanden er bestemt av stoppunktet. Kan vere nyttig når du t.d. skal farge ein sylinder.
Denne gir ein sirkel med forgrunnsfargen i midten og bakgrunnsfargen utanfor sirkelen. Kan minne om ei kule utan retningslys.
Dette er fire former som alle er variantar av kvadratet. Det er Firkanta, Formfyll (vinkla), Formfyll (sfærisk), og Formfyll (krusa). Alle desse formene legg forgrunnsfargen i sentrum av ein firkant som har senteret der du starta teiknelinja. Lengda på teiknelinja vert halve diagonalen i kvadratet. Dei fire vala med dei noko merkelege namna er ulike måtar å rekna ut fargegraderinga på. Den beste måten å lære skilnadane mellom desse, er rett og slett å prøve alle formene etter tur.
Konisk (symmetrisk) gir ei kjensle av å sjå ned på toppen av ein kon som vert opplyst med bakgrunnsfargen i ei retning som vert bestemt av retninga på teiknelinja.
Konisk (asymmetrisk) er svært lik Konisk (symmetrisk), men konen får ein rygg der linja vert teikna.
Lager ein spiral med ei breidde bestemt av lengda på teiknelinja.
None (extend) as default.
None (truncate): areas before and after endpoints are truncated.
Sawtooth wave: the Sawtooth pattern is achieved by beginning with the foreground, transitioning to the background, then starting over with the foreground.
Triangular wave: starts with the foreground, transitions to the background, then transitions back to the foreground.
Denne skyvebrytaren bestemmer kor «bratt» fargeovergangen mellom to fargar skal vere. Talet på brytaren bestemmer kor langt frå klikkpunktet fargeovergangen skal byrja.
Dithering is explained in the Glossary
This is a more sophisticated means of smoothing the "jagged" effect of a sharp transition of color along a slanted or curved line. To find out what works best in your case, you will have to test this yourself.
![[Åtvaring]](images/warning.png)
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Åtvaring |
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The option must be activated (with Shift also) before starting drawing gradient. |
When this option is checked, the gradient line disappears as soon as you release the mouse button. You can't edit color stops before applying the gradient fill.
When this option is checked, the custom gradient is not created automatically and must be created manually. The option can be activated before starting drawing gradient or if the active gradient is not the custom gradient. Allows changing user-writable gradients directly rather than creating copies of them.
All the Gradient Editor dialog features are available directly on canvas. You can create and delete color stops, select and shift them, assign colors to color stops, change blending and coloring for segments between color stops, create color stops from midpoints.
Select a gradient in the gradient dialog. Click and drag on canvas. A line is drawn and the gradient is displayed. You can edit this gradient by moving the mouse pointer on this line. As soon as you try to edit gradient, GIMP creates a custom gradient, which is a copy of the selected gradient. It becomes the active gradient and will be preserved across sessions. Here, we use the Abstract3 gradient.
The Abstract3 gradient, with endpoints
At both ends of the line, you can see a Start endpoint and an End endpoint. Click and drag an endpoint (the mouse pointer is accompanied with a moving cross) to move it where you want on your screen. A small window appears showing data about the selected endpoint: the position of the mouse (coordinate origin is the upper left corner of image or selection), the starting (left) and the ending (right) color of the gradient.
End point moved
![[Notat]](images/note.png)
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Notat |
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In you only move endpoints, the custom gradient is not created yet. |
On the line, you can see several small squares. These are Stops that divide gradient into segments. You can edit segments separately. Click and drag stops to move them (the active endpoint takes a yellow color). As soon as you move a stop, the custom gradient is created. The small data window shows a button that allow you to remove the active stop.
Stop point moved and data window
If you move the mouse pointer on the line, a
Midpoint shows up. Then, the small data window
has two buttons:
to create a new stop at midpoint, and
to center midpoint.
For Stops and Midpoints, Position refers to the gradient line: 0 is start endpoint, 100 is end endpoint.
Blending: you can change the blending mode between two stops, using the drop-down list. The Step option creates a hard-edge transition between the two adjacent color stops at the midpoint.
Changing color: in stop and end data windows, you have color buttons with a drop-down list. The default option is Fixed; this means that color choice will be independent from foreground and background colors. Click on a color button to open a color selector.
Ctrl-tasten vert brukt til å lage rette linjer avgrensa til 15º absolutte vinklar.
Alt or Ctrl+Alt to move the whole line.
The Gradient Editor still exists: Del 3.5.3, «Fargeovergangshandhandsamaren».
