The following dialogs let you control and manipulate image structures, such as layers, channels, or paths.
The „Layers“ dialog is the main interface to edit, modify and manage your layers.
This dialog is a dockable dialog; see the section 2.3 – „Dokování dialogů“ for help on manipulating it.
You can access it:
from the main menu:
→ → ;from the Tab menu in any dockable dialog by clicking on and selecting → ,
from the (default) shortcut: Ctrl+L.
In the detached windows which exists only if at least one dialog remains open. In this case, you can raise the „Layers“ dialog from the main menu: → .
menu, there is a list ofKaždá vrstva je v dialogu zobrazena v podobě náhledu. Pokud je obrázek tvořen více vrstvami, jsou tyto zobrazeny v seznamu. Vrstva v seznamu nahoře je v obrázku viditelná jako první, vrstva v seznamu dole je viditelná jako poslední (pozadí obrázku). Nad seznamem jsou zobrazeny vlastnosti a ovládací prvky vztahující se k aktivní vrstvě. Pod seznamem jsou tlačítka poskytující přístup k základním operacím s vrstvami. Kliknutím pravého tlačítka myši na náhled vrstvy se otevře kontextová nabídka.
Each entry in the list is a layer along with its attributes:
Clicking this icon toggles whether the layer is visible or not. (Shift-clicking on the icon causes all other layers to be hidden.)
Clicking on the empty checkbox in the lock column of a layer opens a menu with the following options:
Lock pixels: When this toggle button is enabled, you cannot use any brush-based tool (Paintbrush, Pencil, Eraser etc.), the Airbrush or the Ink tool on the currently selected layer. This may be necessary to protect them from unwanted changes.
Lock position and size: This toggle button enables or disables protection of layers from moving them around or transforming them. When this is enabled, then you cannot use any transform tool (Rotate, Shear, Perspective and others) or move it.
Lock visibility: This toggle button controls the „Lock“ setting for the visibility of the layer. If this is enabled, the layer visibility cannot be changed.
Lock alpha channel: This toggle button controls the „Lock“ setting for the transparency of the layer. If this is enabled, the alpha channel for the layer is locked, and no manipulation has any effect on it. In particular, nothing that you do to a transparent part of the layer will have any effect.
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If a layer name in the Layer Dialog is in bold, then this layer has no Alpha channel. |
The layer content is represented in a thumbnail. Maintaining left-click for a second on this thumbnail makes it larger. The border color of the layer depends on whether the layer is active or inactive.
You can change the name of the layer by double-clicking on it. You can also use the Edit Layer Attributes dialog in the context menu that you get by right-clicking on the layer.
Poznámka | |
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In the case of an animation layer (GIF or MNG), the name of the layer can be used to specify certain parameters: Layer_name (delay in ms) (combination mode), for example Frame-1 (100 ms) (replace). The delay sets the time during which the layer is visible in the animation. The combination mode sets whether you combine the layer with the previous layer or replace it: the two modes are (combine) or (replace). |
Above the layer list, it is possible to specify some properties for the active layers. The active layers are highlighted. The properties are:
Režim vrstvy určuje způsob, jakým vrstva interaguje s ostatními vrstvami. Z rozbalovací nabídky můžete vybrat některý z řady režimu podporovaných Gimpem. Režimy vrstev jsou popsány ve Slovníčku.
Tento posuvník ovládá kryvost vrstvy jako celku a tedy její průhlednost. Je-li krytí nastaveno na 0, je vrstva zcela neviditelná. Nepleťte však tuto vlastnost s maskami vrstev, které nastavují průhlednost pro jednotlivé pixely.
Pod seznamem vrstev jsou umístěna tlačítka umožňující provádět základní operace s vrstvami.
Here you can create a new layer. A dialog is opened, which is described in New Layer.
Press the Shift key to open a new layer with last used values.
Here you can create a new layer group. A new layer is created, where you can put layers down.
Layer groups are described in Layer groups.
Stisknutím tohoto tlačítka můžete aktivní vrstvu přesunout v seznamu i obrázku o jeden stupeň výše. Podržíte-li u toho klávesu Shift, přesune se vrstva úplně nahoru.
Stisknutím tohoto tlačítka můžete aktivní vrstvu přesunout v seznamu i obrázku o jeden stupeň níže. Podržíte-li u toho klávesu Shift, přesune se vrstva úplně dolů.
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Aby se vrstva přesunula úplně dolů, může být zapotřebí přidat vrstvě pozadí alfa kanál. Učiníte tak kliknutím pravým tlačítkem myši na vrstvu pozadí a volbou Přidat alfa kanál z kontextové nabídky. |
Here you can create a copy of the selected layers. Name of new layer is suffixed with "copy".
Before GIMP-2.10.18, this button was permanently for anchoring. Now, it becomes an anchor only when a floating selection is created (it anchors the floating selection to the previous active layer). Else, it is a with several possibilities:
iconMerge these layers with the first visible layer below it.
Pressing Shift: merge the layer group's layers into one normal layer.
Pressing Ctrl: merge all visible layers into one layer.
Pressing Shift+Ctrl: merge all visible layers with last used values.
Add masks to selected layers.
Select layers by patterns and store layer sets.
Allows you to group layers for operations on more than one layer at a time (for example with the Move tool).
Here you can delete the active layers.
Other functions about layer size are available in the Layer context menu you get by right clicking on the Layer Dialog. You can find them also in the submenu of the main menu.
You will find merging layers functions in the Image main menu.
Click and hold on layer thumbnail: it enlarges and you can move it by dragging the mouse.
So you can put this layer down somewhere else in the layer list.
You can also put the layer down into Toolbox: a new image is created that contains this layer only.
Finally, you can put the layer down into another image: this layer will be added to the layer list, above existing layers.
By right-clicking in the layer dialog, or by opening the
from the tab menu, a context menu for the Layers dialog will open.Most of the commands in this menu have already been documented above, or elsewhere:
Except for Width, Height, and Fill with, this dialog is the same as the New Layer Dialog. For information about the layer attributes we therefore refer to the documentation for that dialog.
See Blend space in the New Layer dialog.
See Composite space in the New Layer dialog.
See Composite mode in the New Layer dialog.
See the Color tag documentation in the New Layer dialog.
These commands are explained above, see layer characteristics.
See the New from Visible menu command documentation.
See the Layer Boundary Size… menu command documentation.
See the Layer to Image Size menu command documentation.
See the Scale Layer… menu command documentation.
See the Layer Mask submenu documentation for these commands.
Only one of these will be enabled. If the current layer does not have an alpha channel, you will be able to add one. If it does, you can remove the alpha channel.
This command merges all visible layers into one layer.
This command merges all layers into one layer and removes transparency.
A transparency mask can be added to each layer, which defines what parts of the layer are transparent or opaque. We call this a layer mask. A layer mask has the same size and same number of pixels as the layer to which it is attached. Every pixel of the mask can then be coupled with a pixel at the same location in the layer. The mask is a set of pixels in grayscale. The pixels with a value 0 are black and give a full transparency to the coupled pixel in the layer. The pixels with the maximum value (either 1.0 or 255) are white and give full opacity to the coupled pixel in the layer.
To create a layer mask start with a right click on the layer to call the context menu and select
in the menu. A dialog appears where you can initialize the content of the mask:Bílá: maska je bez účinku, všechny pixely zůstanou plně viditelné.
Černá: maska způsobí úplnou průhlednost vrstvy, která se tak stane neviditelnou.
Layer's alpha channel: the mask is initialized according to the contents of the layer's alpha channel.
Transfer layer's alpha channel: Does the same thing as the previous option, except that it also resets the layer's alpha channel to full opacity.
Selection: the mask is initialized according to pixel values found in the current selection.
Grayscale copy of layer: the mask is initialized according to a grayscale representation of the pixel values of the layer.
Channel: The layer mask is initialized with a selection mask you have created before, stored in the Channel dialog.
Invert mask: This checkbox allows you to invert: black turns to white and white turns to black.
When the mask is created, it appears as a thumbnail next to that of the layer itself. You can select the layer or the mask for editing by clicking on their respective thumbnails. The active item has a white border (which may not be clearly visible when you have a white mask).
When working with masks, it is a good idea to keep the Layers Dialog prominently visible, because you can't see, by looking at the canvas, whether the layer or the mask is active.
Pressing Alt (or Ctrl+Alt and clicking on the layer mask thumbnail) is equivalent to the Show Layer Mask command: the layer mask border turns to green. If you press Ctrl the border is red and the result is equivalent to the Disable Layer Mask command. To return to normal view repeat the last operation. These options are for greater convenience in your work.